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Radio means sending energy with waves. In other words, it's a method of transmitting electrical energy from one place to another without using any kind of direct, wired connection. That's why it's often called 'wireless'. The equipment that sends out a radio wave is known as a transmitter; the radio wave sent by a transmitter whizzes through the air maybe from one side of the world to the other and completes its journey when it reaches a second piece of equipment called a receiver. Over the decades, radio has evolved into many different types, each of which fulfills different needs.
AM and FM
Amplitude modulation, or AM radio, is one of the oldest forms of wireless broadcasting. With AM, an audio signal rapidly modifies the strength of radio waves in a process called modulation; an AM receiver decodes the modulation back into sound. With the introduction of the transistor in the 1960s, pocket-sized AM radios became a reality for the first time. Although AM's coding scheme is simple, its sound quality is only fair, and it is vulnerable to electrical noise. FM, which was developed in the 1930s, relies on the modulation of the radio signal's frequency and not its strength. The higher radio frequencies used for FM as well as the modulation scheme give it much better sound quality with less noise than AM.
Benefits of a Radio
Emergency broadcasting, for one. You cannot beat radio as the cheapest way to communicate to the masses. A radio can be portable, entertaining, and working in most locations.
The radio is a mature technology and the device is very inexpensive.
A radio does not require a lot of energy to run a hand-crank one can work too.
You can use many devices such as tv's,cell phone's and radio's without a cord, they can send signals easily to your device and they have the longest wave length among the electromagnetic spectrum.
Roles and functions of radio in society
Radio is an electronic medium of audio communication
Information
Through news, talk shows, adverts and other programmes,radio creates awareness in society of what is happening within and outside a given society. For example focus on Africa programme on BBC world service radio.
Education
Through the documentaries, drama and quiz shows aired on radio. Society members are able to draw lessons. Look at instance of playson Hiv/Aids, agriculture aired. Radio teaches society development and health aspects relevant to day to day needs. Documentaries on agriculture,health have also impacted on society’s world over.
Entertainment
Society members are entertained through music and plays. Some radio stations have humorous morning and evening programmes.Radio kills boredom and occupies people through leisure. The different music genres also appeal to all age groups in society. Radio as a secondary medium, someone can listen to radio while doing something else like washing, reading or working.
Watch dog and surveillance
Radio reporters follow up society issues relating to religion, politics and education .They report back to society through news bulletins and other programmers. Radio keeps an eye on crimes and security in society.
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